Biomass Open Origin Standard for Tracking (BOOST) Data Standard

Status of This Document

This specification was published by the Biomass Open Origin Standard for Tracking (BOOST) W3C Community Group. It is not a W3C Standard nor is it on the W3C Standards Track. Please note that under the W3C Community Final Specification Agreement (FSA) other conditions apply. Learn more about W3C Community and Business Groups.

This document is governed by the W3C Community License Agreement (CLA). A human-readable summary is available.

Publication as a Community Group Report does not imply endorsement by the W3C Membership. This is a draft document and may be updated, replaced or obsoleted by other documents at any time. It is inappropriate to cite this document as other than work in progress.

How to Give Feedback

This specification is primarily developed on GitHub. The best way to contribute to this specification is to:

1. File issues and suggestions in the BOOST GitHub repository

2. Submit pull requests for specific changes

3. Participate in community discussions via GitHub Discussions

4. Join the W3C Community Group mailing list for broader discussions

1. Introduction

The Biomass Open Origin Standard for Tracking (BOOST) data standard defines a comprehensive, interoperable framework for tracking biomass materials through complex supply chains. BOOST enables transparent, verifiable, and consistent data exchange to support sustainability verification, regulatory compliance, and supply chain integrity across the biomass economy.

1.1. Community Development Process

BOOST is developed through the BOOST W3C Community Group with collaborative input from industry stakeholders, regulatory agencies, and technical experts. The standard implements a TraceableUnit (TRU)-centric model supporting media-interruption-free tracking, multi-species composition management, and comprehensive plant part categorization across 33 interconnected entities.

Working Group Leadership:

• Chair: Peter Tittmann (Carbon Direct)

• Technical Contributors: Industry partners, certification bodies, and regulatory agencies

• Community Participants: 15+ active members from across the biomass supply chain

1.2. Current Development Status

Current Version: v3.2.0-21-g6c03488 - Complete BOOST Documentation Build System with integrated HTML and PDF generation

Recent Enhancements:

• Restructured Core Traceability Entities for location-aware conformance

• Added Equipment entity for operational management

• Enhanced schema integrity validation tools

• Interactive ERD Navigator with 33 entities across 7 thematic areas

1.3. Participation and Feedback

How to Contribute:

• GitHub Repository: github.com/carbondirect/BOOST

• Issues and Feedback: Submit via GitHub Issues for technical discussions

• Community Group: Join the BOOST W3C Community Group

• Interactive Tools: Use the ERD Navigator to explore and provide schema feedback

Meeting Schedule: Regular working group meetings with notes and action items published via GitHub

1.4. Purpose and Scope

This specification defines the BOOST (Biomass Open Origin Standard for Tracking) data standard for biomass supply chain tracking and verification. The standard provides:

• A unified data model for biomass custody transfers

• Format constraints for serializing chain of custody data

• Integration specifications for certification systems

• Regulatory compliance frameworks for multiple jurisdictions

1.5. Background and Motivation

The development of comprehensive biomass traceability systems addresses critical needs for sustainability verification, regulatory compliance, and supply chain transparency in the growing biomass economy. This standard enables interoperability between reporting systems, registries, and certification bodies.

The initial version of this data standard is funded through a grant from the California Department of Conservation, with an initial focus on California as the jurisdictional context while maintaining broad applicability to generalized biomass chain of custody requirements.

1.6. Relationship to Existing Standards

BOOST builds upon and integrates with established standards including:

• [ISO38200] Chain of custody of wood and wood-based products

• [SBP-STANDARD-4] and [SBP-STANDARD-5] from Sustainable Biomass Partnership

• [FSC-STD-40-004] Forest Stewardship Council certification standards

• [PEFC-ST-2002] Programme for Endorsement of Forest Certification standards

• [CA-LCFS] California Low Carbon Fuel Standard requirements

• [EU-RED-II] European Union Renewable Energy Directive II

1.7. Community Group Process

This specification was developed through the W3C Community Group process with balanced stakeholder participation including civil society organizations, government agencies, small and large businesses, and independent technical experts. Recruitment and engagement efforts were made to avoid overrepresentation of any single stakeholder group.

The group operates under the Community and Business Group Process, seeking organizational licensing commitments under the W3C Community Contributor License Agreement (CLA) for all substantive contributions.

2. Use Cases and Requirements

BOOST addresses critical use cases across the biomass supply chain, from forest management and harvesting through processing, transportation, and final delivery. The standard supports both regulatory compliance and voluntary certification scenarios.

2.1. Core Use Case Categories

2.1.1. 1. Complete Harvest-to-Mill Traceability Chain

Objective: Verify end-to-end traceability from standing tree to mill processing

Key Steps:

• Initial TRU Creation at harvest site with biometric identification

• Critical Tracking Points validation (harvest_site → skid_road → forest_road → mill_entrance)

• Volume Conservation verification across transportation and handling

• Processing Integration with input/output TRU relationships

• Audit Trail Generation for complete supply chain documentation

2.1.2. 2. Multi-Species Mixed Material Processing

Objective: Track individual species within mixed material flows

Key Features:

• Individual species identification within TRUs marked isMultiSpecies: true

• SpeciesComponent entities with detailed plant part composition

• Species-specific sustainability claim application and inheritance

• Percentage validation ensuring composition totals equal 100%

• Processing transformations with species-level tracking

2.1.3. 3. California LCFS Regulatory Compliance

Objective: Generate quarterly LCFS compliance reports with complete audit trails

Integration Points:

• Enhanced Organization entities with LCFS registration data

• Transaction entities linked to CARB-certified pathways

• EnergyCarbonData with lifecycle assessment integration

• LCFSReporting entities for quarterly submission preparation

• Credit/deficit position tracking with automated calculations

2.1.4. 4. Multi-Certification Scheme Management

Objective: Maintain multiple certification claims across processing operations

Capabilities:

• Single TRU supporting multiple claims (FSC, SBP, PEFC, ISCC)

• Claim inheritance through MaterialProcessing operations

• Species-specific claim application within mixed materials

• Third-party verification with evidence documentation

• Chain of custody validation across organizational boundaries

2.1.5. 5. Biometric Media-Interruption-Free Tracking

Objective: Maintain continuous traceability without physical tag dependencies

Technical Features:

• Optical pattern recognition of grain, bark, or cut surfaces

• BiometricIdentifier entities with tamper-proof signatures

• Media break detection and flagging mechanisms

• Backup identification methods (RFID, QR codes) for redundancy

• Data continuity validation across all processing steps

2.1.6. 6. Plant Part Value Optimization

Objective: Optimize material routing based on plant part composition

Economic Applications:

• High-value heartwood routing to lumber markets

• Intermediate sapwood direction to structural applications

• Byproduct utilization (bark, branches, processing residues)

• Zero-waste processing with complete component accounting

• Circular economy integration with waste stream minimization

2.2. Stakeholder-Specific Use Cases

2.2.1. Forest Management Organizations

• Harvest Planning with sustainability claim optimization

• Certification Maintenance across multiple schemes (FSC, SFI)

• Supply Base Reporting for regulatory compliance

• Equipment Integration with harvester-mounted measurement systems

2.2.2. Processing Facilities

• Material Flow Optimization based on plant part composition

• Quality Control with measurement reconciliation

• Processing Chain Documentation for audit requirements

• Volume Conservation validation with tolerance checking

2.2.3. Transportation Companies

• Chain of Custody Maintenance across organizational boundaries

• Location History documentation for all TRU movements

• Real-time Tracking integration with transportation systems

• Arrival Verification with measurement validation

2.2.4. Regulatory Agencies

• Compliance Monitoring with automated report generation

• Audit Trail Access for verification and enforcement

• Cross-jurisdictional data exchange and validation

• Sustainability Verification with third-party evidence

2.2.5. Certification Bodies

• Multi-scheme Support with standardized data formats

• Audit Trail Integration for verification processes

• Claim Validation with species-specific applicability

• Evidence Documentation with tamper-proof data integrity

3. Conformance

This section describes the conformance requirements for BOOST implementations. The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "NOT RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in [RFC2119] and [RFC8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

3.1. Conformance Classes

3.1.1. BOOST Core Conformance

Implementations claiming BOOST Core conformance MUST support:

• TraceableUnit entity with required fields (including mandatory harvest origin)

• Organization entity for harvester identification

• Material entity for material type reference

• GeographicData entity for location tracking (GeoJSON format)

• Basic material tracking and identification

• JSON-LD serialization format

• Schema validation according to § 41 Schema Definitions

3.1.2. BOOST Extended Conformance

Implementations claiming BOOST Extended conformance MUST support Core conformance plus:

• Multi-species composition tracking

• Material processing operations

• Location history tracking

• Basic sustainability claims management

3.1.3. BOOST Full Conformance

Implementations claiming BOOST Full conformance MUST support Extended conformance plus:

• All 33 BOOST entities

• Complete business logic validation

• Multi-certification scheme support

• LCFS regulatory integration

3.2. Implementation Requirements

Conforming implementations MUST:

NOTE: A comprehensive Python reference implementation is available that demonstrates all required BOOST conformance features with dynamic schema adaptation capabilities.

• Validate data against BOOST JSON schemas

• Preserve entity relationships and referential integrity

• Support JSON-LD context and semantic annotations

• Implement required business logic validation rules

4. BOOST Traceability System

The BOOST Traceability System implements a revolutionary approach to biomass supply chain tracking that eliminates the traditional weak points where traceability is lost during material transfers and processing operations.

4.1. Key Implementation Features

4.1.1. Media-Interruption-Free Traceability

4.1.2. Three Critical Tracking Points

• harvest_site - Initial TRU creation with biometric capture and volume measurement

• skid_road/forest_road - Transportation consolidation points with reconciliation validation

• mill_entrance - Processing facility entry points with final verification before transformation

4.1.3. Multi-Species Support

• Individual species identification within mixed material flows

• Species-specific sustainability claim application and inheritance

• Detailed composition tracking with percentage validation

• Regulatory compliance for jurisdiction-specific species requirements

4.1.4. Complete Processing Chain Documentation

• Linking input TRUs to output TRUs for every transformation

• Tracking plant part changes and transformations during processing

• Validating volume and mass conservation across processing steps

• Supporting split and merge operations with complete genealogy tracking

4.2. TraceableUnit (TRU) Central Concept

The TraceableUnit entity serves as the central hub for all biomass tracking operations. Every TRU MUST have:

• Unique identifier with biometric signature capability

• Material type classification

• Volume and mass measurements

• Geographic location data

• Processing history linkage

4.3. Media-Interruption-Free Tracking

BOOST implementations MUST support continuous traceability through:

• Biometric identification without physical attachments

• Optical pattern recognition for TRU identification

• Data continuity validation across processing steps

• Media break detection and flagging mechanisms

4.4. Three Critical Tracking Points

Implementations MUST support measurement and verification at:

• harvest_site - Initial TRU creation and measurement

• skid_road/forest_road - Transportation consolidation points

• mill_entrance - Processing facility entry points

4.5. Processing Chain Methodology

All material transformations MUST be documented through:

• MaterialProcessing entities linking input and output TRUs

• Volume and mass conservation validation

• Plant part transformation tracking

• Quality assessment throughout processing

5. Data Model Architecture

The BOOST data model provides a comprehensive framework for representing all aspects of biomass supply chain operations. The model consists of 33 interconnected entities that work together to provide complete traceability from forest to final product.

5.1. Key Features

5.1.1. Comprehensive Entity System

• 33 Interconnected Entities - Complete data model covering all aspects of biomass supply chains across 7 thematic areas

• JSON-LD Validation - Structured schemas with business rules and examples

• Interactive ERD Navigator - Dynamic exploration with GitHub discussion integration

• Sustainability Claims - Species-specific claims with inheritance through processing

5.1.2. Enhanced Geographic Integration

• GeoJSON Compliance - Spatial data support for all location-aware entities

• California Agency Ready - Administrative boundary and jurisdiction tracking

• Supply Base Management - Infrastructure mapping with harvest sites and transportation routes

5.2. Interactive Entity Relationship Diagram

The BOOST data model comprises 33 interconnected entities organized into 7 thematic areas. For comprehensive exploration of entity relationships and schema definitions, use our interactive ERD Navigator.

5.2.1. ERD Navigator Overview

The **Interactive ERD Navigator** provides:

• Complete Entity Visualization - All 33 BOOST entities with dynamic positioning and thematic color coding

• Schema-Driven Details - Field definitions, data types, and validation rules loaded directly from JSON schemas

• Interactive Filtering - Focus on specific thematic areas or use TraceableUnit focus mode

• Relationship Mapping - Visual representation of 77+ entity relationships with dynamic highlighting

• Direct Navigation - Click entities to jump to their specification sections

Click to Launch Interactive ERD Navigator

5.2.2. Quick Access

5.2.3. Navigation Between ERD and Specification

The ERD Navigator is fully integrated with this specification:

• From ERD to Spec: Click any entity in the ERD Navigator to jump to its detailed documentation section

• From Spec to ERD: Look for "🗂️ View in ERD" links throughout the entity sections

• Context Preservation: Navigation maintains your current view and filter settings where possible

This bidirectional navigation enables seamless exploration between the visual entity relationships and detailed technical specifications.

5.3. Hub-and-Spoke Design

The data model implements a hub-and-spoke architecture with TraceableUnit as the central hub. All other entities MUST maintain direct or indirect relationships to TRUs to ensure complete traceability.

5.4. Foreign Key Conventions

All foreign key relationships MUST follow the EntityNameId pattern:

• Field names MUST end with "Id"

• Field names MUST reference the target entity name in PascalCase

• Examples: OrganizationId, TraceableUnitId, GeographicDataId

6. Plant Part Categorization System

The plant part categorization system enables detailed tracking of biomass components through processing operations, supporting value optimization and circular economy principles.

6.1. System Overview

6.1.1. 17 Standardized Plant Parts Taxonomy

Primary Structural Components:

• trunk - Main stem/bole of tree (primary commercial value)

• heartwood - Inner, non-living wood (high-value lumber applications)

• sapwood - Outer, living wood (structural applications)

• bark - Protective outer layer (often processed separately)

Secondary Structural Components:

• branches - Secondary stems (various size classes)

• twigs - Small branches (biomass and chip applications)

• roots - Below-ground structures (specialty applications)

• stump - Remaining base after felling (often left on-site)

Photosynthetic and Reproductive Components:

• leaves - Photosynthetic organs (deciduous trees)

• needles - Coniferous leaves (evergreen trees)

• foliage - All leaf matter (aggregate category)

• cones - Seed-bearing structures (coniferous trees)

• seeds - Reproductive structures (genetic resources)

• crown - Above-ground branching structure (aggregate category)

Processed Components:

• chips - Mechanically processed fragments (uniform size classes)

• sawdust - Fine processing residue (byproduct utilization)

• pellets - Densified processed material (energy applications)

6.1.2. Processing Transformations

• Input composition - Plant part percentages entering processing

• Output composition - Plant part percentages in processed materials

• Transformation methods - Processing techniques applied

• Efficiency metrics - Material recovery and waste generation

• Byproduct routing - Secondary material stream management

6.1.3. Value Optimization Applications

• High-value applications - Route heartwood to lumber markets

• Intermediate-value uses - Direct sapwood to structural applications

• Biomass applications - Utilize branches, bark, and processing residues

• Specialty markets - Extract high-value compounds from specific plant parts

6.1.4. Circular Economy Integration

• Zero-waste processing - Account for all plant part components

• Byproduct utilization - Track secondary use applications

• Waste stream minimization - Optimize processing efficiency

• Economic value attribution - Calculate value by plant part composition

6.2. Standardized Plant Parts Taxonomy

Implementations MUST support the following 17 standardized plant parts:

• trunk - Main stem/bole of tree

• heartwood - Inner, non-living wood

• sapwood - Outer, living wood

• bark - Protective outer layer

• branches - Secondary stems

• leaves - Photosynthetic organs

• seeds - Reproductive structures

• roots - Below-ground structures

• twigs - Small branches

• cones - Seed-bearing structures

• needles - Coniferous leaves

• foliage - All leaf matter

• crown - Above-ground branching structure

• stump - Remaining base after felling

• chips - Mechanically processed fragments

• sawdust - Fine processing residue

• pellets - Densified processed material

7. Core Data Entities

The BOOST data model defines 33 core entities organized into 7 thematic areas. Each entity serves a specific purpose in the biomass supply chain tracking ecosystem and maintains relationships with other entities to ensure complete traceability.

7.1. Core Traceability Entities

Implementations claiming BOOST Core conformance MUST support these entities:

7.1.1. TraceableUnit

The central entity in BOOST’s hub-and-spoke architecture. Every TRU connects to Organization, Material, and GeographicData entities.

**🗂️ View TraceableUnit in ERD Navigator**

8. TraceableUnit

8.1. TraceableUnit

8.1.1. Overview

8.1.2. Fields

8.1.3. Key Features

1. Media-Interruption-Free Traceability Continuous data linkage from harvest to mill entrance Multiple identification methods (biometric, RFID, QR codes) Media break detection and flagging

2. Species Composition Support Multi-species flag for complex piles and batches Integration with SpeciesComponent entity for detailed tracking Species-specific sustainability claims

3. Complete Audit Trails Processing history with complete transformation records Location history through LocationHistory entity Measurement reconciliation through DataReconciliation entity

4. Split/Merge Operations Parent/child relationships for TRU genealogy Volume conservation validation Claim inheritance tracking

8.1.4. Example Use Cases

1. Individual Log Tracking Type: individual_log Unique biometric signature from optical scanner Single species with specific quality grade Complete harvest-to-mill tracking

2. Multi-Species Pile Type: pile RFID tag identification Multiple species tracked via SpeciesComponent entities Volume aggregation with species percentages

3. Processed Batch Type: processed_batch Parent TRU references for split operations Processing history with transformation details Sustainability claim inheritance

8.1.5. Relationships

• TraceableUnit contains multiple SpeciesComponents (multi-species support)

• TraceableUnit undergoes MaterialProcessing operations

• TraceableUnit has LocationHistory for movement tracking

• TraceableUnit has BiometricIdentifier for optical identification

• TraceableUnit has MeasurementRecord entries at tracking points

• TraceableUnit has sustainability Claims

• TraceableUnit references Material entity for material type

• TraceableUnit managed by Organization

• TraceableUnit originates from SupplyBase

• TraceableUnit included in Transactions and TransactionBatches

• TraceableUnit has parent/child relationships for split/merge operations

8.1.6. Organization

Defines harvesters, processors, and supply chain participants. Referenced by TraceableUnit and connects to Certificate entities for certification management.

**🗂️ View Organization in ERD Navigator**

9. Organization

9.1. Organization

9.1.1. Overview

9.1.2. Fields

9.1.3. Organization Types

1. harvester Forest harvesting and timber extraction operations Responsible for initial TRU creation and identification Manages harvest site operations and equipment Provides raw material to processing facilities Examples: Logging companies, forest management companies

2. processor Manufacturing and processing operations Transforms raw timber into finished products Operates sawmills, paper mills, and other processing facilities Manages quality control and product specifications Examples: Sawmills, paper manufacturers, engineered wood producers

3. certifier Third-party certification and validation services Conducts audits and issues certifications Validates sustainability claims and compliance Provides independent verification services Examples: FSC certifiers, SFI certification bodies

4. transporter Transportation and logistics services Manages supply chain movement and tracking Maintains chain of custody during transport Provides tracking point management Examples: Trucking companies, rail transport, shipping companies

5. supplier Supply chain intermediaries and distributors Manages inventory and product distribution Coordinates between producers and end users Provides market access and logistics coordination Examples: Timber brokers, wood product distributors

6. manufacturer End-product manufacturing and assembly Creates finished goods from processed timber Manages final product quality and specifications Provides consumer-ready products Examples: Furniture manufacturers, construction companies

7. producer Primary production and manufacturing of renewable fuels or products Operates refineries and production facilities for biofuels Manages feedstock conversion and processing operations Subject to LCFS regulatory requirements and reporting Examples: Renewable diesel producers, biodiesel refineries, ethanol plants

8. importer Import operations for renewable fuels and products Manages international supply chain and customs operations Handles regulatory compliance for imported fuels Subject to LCFS import reporting requirements Examples: Fuel importers, biofuel trading companies

9. blender Fuel blending and distribution operations Mixes renewable fuels with conventional petroleum products Manages fuel quality and specification compliance Subject to LCFS blending and distribution requirements Examples: Fuel blending terminals, distribution facilities

10. distributor Distribution and retail operations for renewable fuels Manages fuel delivery and retail sales operations Handles end-consumer fuel distribution Subject to LCFS distribution reporting requirements Examples: Fuel distributors, retail gas stations, fleet operators

9.1.4. Key Features

1. Geographic Integration Primary location tracking with GeographicData references Multiple operational area management Location-based service area definition Spatial analysis of organizational footprint Regional operational compliance tracking

2. Certification Management Multiple certification tracking and management Certification expiry and renewal tracking Audit trail for certification activities Integration with claim validation processes Certification scope and applicability management

3. Multi-Location Operations Support for organizations with multiple facilities Operational area geographic boundary definition Location-specific capability and capacity tracking Regional compliance and regulation management Site-specific environmental impact assessment

4. Supply Chain Integration Role-based organizational classification Supply chain relationship management Service capability and capacity tracking Partner organization integration Stakeholder communication and coordination

9.1.5. Geographic Data Integration

1. Primary Location Main operational headquarters or facility Administrative and management location Primary contact and communication center Financial and legal registration address Strategic planning and coordination hub

2. Operational Areas Forest management areas for harvesters Processing facility locations for manufacturers Service territories for transporters Market areas for suppliers Geographic service boundaries

3. Facility-Specific Data Processing capacity and capabilities by location Equipment and infrastructure by facility Environmental permits and compliance by site Workforce and operational capacity by location Location-specific certifications and approvals

9.1.6. Certification Integration

1. Certificate Management Current certification status tracking Certification scope and applicability Expiry date monitoring and renewal management Multi-standard certification support Certification body relationship management

2. Compliance Tracking Regulatory compliance monitoring Environmental permit management Safety and quality standard compliance Industry-specific requirement tracking Audit and inspection history

3. Claim Validation Authority to validate sustainability claims Certification-based claim verification Third-party validation services Independent assessment capabilities Conflict of interest management

9.1.7. Validation Rules

1. Identification Requirements organizationId must be unique across system organizationName must be non-empty organizationType must match business operations Contact information must be valid and current

2. Geographic Consistency primaryGeographicDataId must reference valid GeographicData operationalAreas must reference valid geographic boundaries Geographic areas must be logically consistent with organization type Location data must align with legal and regulatory jurisdictions

3. Certification Logic certifications must reference valid certification records Certification types must be appropriate for organization type Certification scope must align with operational areas Certification expiry dates must be monitored and maintained

9.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. Integrated Forest Products Company organizationType: harvester, processor Multiple operational areas including forest lands and mill sites FSC and SFI certifications for both forest management and processing Complex supply chain with internal transfer tracking Multi-facility operations requiring coordination

2. Independent Harvesting Contractor organizationType: harvester Single primary location with mobile operations Multiple operational areas across regional forest lands SFI contractor certification Service provider to multiple forest landowners

3. Third-Party Certification Body organizationType: certifier Office locations with regional service areas Authority to issue and validate multiple certification types Independent status and conflict of interest management Audit and inspection service capabilities

9.1.9. Relationships

• Organization operates at multiple GeographicData locations

• Organization holds multiple Certifications

• Organization employs multiple Operators

• Organization validates Claims through certification authority

• Organization manages TrackingPoints at operational locations

• Organization responsible for TraceableUnit creation and management

• Organization provides services throughout the supply chain

9.1.10. Material

Material type classifications referenced by TraceableUnit. For multi-species materials, connect to SpeciesComponent entities.

**🗂️ View Material in ERD Navigator**

10. Material

10.1. Material

10.1.1. Overview

10.1.2. Fields

10.1.3. Material Categories

1. softwood Coniferous species material types Typically used for construction lumber Examples: Douglas Fir, Ponderosa Pine, Western Hemlock Higher structural strength characteristics Common processing: sawtimber, dimension lumber

2. hardwood Deciduous species material types Varied applications from furniture to pulp Examples: Oak, Maple, Cherry, Poplar Higher density and varied grain patterns Common processing: furniture stock, flooring, pulpwood

3. mixed Multi-species material combinations Biomass and chip applications Variable composition by harvest location Averaged characteristics across species Common processing: chipping, pelletizing

10.1.4. Plant Part Categories

10.1.4.1. Woody Components

• trunk - Main structural wood, highest value for lumber

• heartwood - Inner non-living wood, premium lumber applications

• sapwood - Outer living wood, structural lumber with treatment

• branches - Secondary woody growth, suitable for chips and fuel

• twigs - Small terminal branches, primarily fuel applications

• bark - Outer protective layer, mulch and fuel applications

10.1.4.2. Foliage Components

• leaves - Deciduous photosynthetic organs, composting applications

• needles - Coniferous leaves, mulch and soil amendment

10.1.4.3. Reproductive Components

• seeds - Propagation material, food and oil applications

• nuts - Hard-shelled seeds, food and specialty products

• cones - Coniferous reproductive structures, decorative and fuel

10.1.4.4. Agricultural Components

• stalks - Main stems of crops, biomass and building materials

• straw - Dried stalks after harvest, animal bedding and fuel

• husks - Outer seed coverings, fuel and industrial applications

• hulls - Hard outer shells, fuel and abrasive applications

• chaff - Seed casings, animal feed and fuel

• stubble - Remaining stalks, soil amendment and fuel

10.1.5. Key Features

1. Reference Table Design No longer a traceable entity Provides specifications for TRU material typing Standardized material classifications Processing guidance and specifications Carbon accounting reference data

2. Species Integration Links to typical species compositions Species-specific processing guidelines Biodiversity impact assessments Sustainability claim foundations Multi-species material support

3. Processing Specifications Applicable processing type definitions Quality grade standardizations Assortment classification guidelines Equipment compatibility specifications Processing efficiency expectations

4. Carbon and Energy Data Carbon storage rate specifications Energy content for biomass applications Density and moisture content standards Sustainability metric foundations Environmental impact references

10.1.6. Processing Type Applications

1. felling Tree cutting and initial processing Species identification during harvest Initial volume and quality assessment Primary processing operation

2. delimbing Branch removal preparation Clean stem material preparation Volume refinement specifications Quality improvement processing

3. crosscutting Length optimization specifications Market requirement alignment Quality grade maximization Assortment classification support

4. chipping Biomass preparation specifications Size and quality requirements Mixed species chip production Energy content optimization

5. debarking Clean wood preparation Processing facility requirements Volume loss expectations Quality improvement specifications

10.1.7. Quality Grade Standards

1. Structural Grades Load-bearing capacity classifications Strength and stiffness requirements Defect limitations and allowances Construction application suitability

2. Appearance Grades Visual quality classifications Grain pattern and color consistency Surface quality requirements Furniture and millwork applications

3. Industrial Grades Functional performance requirements Processing suitability specifications Chemical composition consistency Industrial application compatibility

10.1.8. Validation Rules

1. Classification Consistency materialCategory must align with typicalSpecies applicableProcessingTypes must be appropriate for category Quality grades must match industry standards Species list must be ecologically consistent

2. Processing Logic Processing types must be technically feasible Quality grades must be achievable through specified processing Assortment types must align with material characteristics Equipment requirements must be reasonable

3. Carbon and Energy Data Carbon storage rates must be scientifically valid Energy content must align with species characteristics Density specifications must be within reasonable ranges Moisture content ranges must be practical

10.1.9. Example Use Cases

1. Douglas Fir Sawtimber Specifications Material type for high-grade construction lumber Processing through felling, delimbing, crosscutting Quality grades from Select to Utility Carbon storage rate: 0.47 tCO2/m3 Typical density: 450 kg/m3

2. Mixed Hardwood Chip Material Multi-species biomass material type Processing through chipping and pelletizing Industrial grade specifications Variable species composition Energy content: 17-19 MJ/kg

3. Softwood Dimension Lumber Standard construction material type Structural grade classifications Standardized processing specifications Moisture content: 19% or less Multiple species applicability

10.1.10. Relationships

• Material referenced by TraceableUnit for material type classification

• Material supports SpeciesComponent material categorization

• Material provides processing specifications for MaterialProcessing

• Material enables standardized Claim applications

• Material supports carbon accounting in sustainability assessments

• Material guides quality grading in MeasurementRecord operations

10.1.11. GeographicData

Spatial data in GeoJSON format for location tracking. Referenced by TraceableUnit and LocationHistory for comprehensive location management.

**🗂️ View GeographicData in ERD Navigator**

11. GeographicData

11.1. GeographicData

11.1.1. Overview

11.1.2. Fields

11.1.3. GeoJSON Data Types

11.1.3.1. Point (Single Location)

{
  "type": "Point",
  "coordinates": [-124.2345, 41.7891]
}

11.1.3.2. Polygon (Area/Boundary)

{
  "type": "Polygon",
  "coordinates": [[
    [-124.2345, 41.7891],
    [-124.2300, 41.7891],
    [-124.2300, 41.7850],
    [-124.2345, 41.7850],
    [-124.2345, 41.7891]
  ]]
}

11.1.3.3. LineString (Road/Path)

{
  "type": "LineString",
  "coordinates": [
    [-124.2345, 41.7891],
    [-124.2320, 41.7885],
    [-124.2300, 41.7870]
  ]
}

11.1.4. Data Type Classifications

1. harvest_site Specific locations where timber harvesting occurs Typically Point or small Polygon geometries Links to TraceableUnit harvest locations

2. processing_location Locations where MaterialProcessing occurs Mills, sorting yards, chipping facilities Point geometries with facility boundaries

3. administrative_boundary Regulatory or administrative boundaries County lines, forest service boundaries, permit areas Polygon geometries

4. supply_base_area Overall supply base geographic boundaries Large Polygon geometries encompassing multiple harvest sites Links to SupplyBase entities

5. skid_road / forest_road Transportation infrastructure LineString geometries showing road networks Critical for tracking point infrastructure

6. mill_entrance Specific points where TRUs enter processing facilities Point geometries at facility gates Final tracking points in BOOST traceability system

11.1.5. Key Features

1. GeoJSON Compliance Full GeoJSON specification support Multiple geometry types (Point, Polygon, LineString, etc.) Properties object for additional spatial metadata

2. Coordinate System Support Default WGS84 for global interoperability Support for regional coordinate systems (UTM, NAD83, etc.) Accuracy metadata for GPS precision tracking

3. Hierarchical Relationships Support for nested geographic relationships Harvest sites within supply base areas Administrative boundaries containing operational areas

4. Agency Integration Designed for California agency mapping requirements Support for regulatory boundary definitions Integration with GIS systems and spatial databases

11.1.6. Example Use Cases

1. Harvest Site Tracking Precise GPS coordinates of harvest operations Links to TraceableUnit harvest locations Support for environmental compliance reporting

2. Supply Base Boundaries Large polygon areas defining operational scope Integration with forest management plans Regulatory compliance boundary definitions

3. Transportation Networks Skid road and forest road mapping Route optimization and planning Infrastructure maintenance tracking

4. Processing Facility Locations Mill entrance points for final tracking Processing location definitions Facility boundary and access point mapping

11.1.7. Relationships

• GeographicData provides harvest locations for TraceableUnit

• GeographicData defines current locations for TraceableUnit

• GeographicData defines operational areas for Organization

• GeographicData locates Transaction processing

• GeographicData defines boundaries for SupplyBase

• GeographicData locates Supplier and Customer facilities

• GeographicData defines scope for Certificate coverage

• GeographicData covers areas for SupplyBaseReport

• GeographicData locates Audit activities

• GeographicData defines origins for SpeciesComponent

• GeographicData locates MaterialProcessing operations

• GeographicData locates MeasurementRecord activities

• GeographicData locates BiometricIdentifier capture points

11.2. Extended Traceability Entities

Implementations claiming BOOST Extended conformance MUST support Core entities plus these additional entities:

11.2.1. MaterialProcessing

Documents material transformation operations linking input and output TraceableUnit entities. Often references Equipment and Operator entities for operational details.

**🗂️ View MaterialProcessing in ERD Navigator**

12. MaterialProcessing

12.1. MaterialProcessing

12.1.1. Overview

12.1.2. Fields

12.1.3. Processing Types

1. felling Tree cutting and initial processing Standing tree to log conversion Initial volume measurement Species identification and verification Primary processing operation

2. delimbing Branch removal from felled trees Clean stem preparation Volume refinement and measurement Quality assessment after delimbing Preparation for transport or further processing

3. crosscutting Log cutting to specified lengths Length optimization for market requirements Multiple output logs from single input Volume distribution and measurement Quality grade assignment

4. chipping Conversion to wood chips Volume reduction and format change Species mixing or separation Moisture content adjustment Final product preparation

5. debarking Bark removal from logs Clean wood preparation for processing Volume loss measurement Bark disposal or utilization tracking Quality improvement operation

6. assortment Sorting and classification by quality/species Grade assignment and segregation Market specification preparation Quality-based value optimization Inventory organization

12.1.4. Key Features

1. Complete Processing Chain Tracking Input/output TRU relationship mapping Chronological processing sequence Volume conservation validation Quality transformation tracking Operator accountability

2. Species Composition Management Before/after species composition tracking Multi-species processing support Species separation and mixing operations Composition validation and verification Biodiversity impact assessment

3. Volume Conservation Validation Input volume measurement Output volume calculation Volume loss quantification and justification Processing efficiency metrics Mass balance verification

4. Quality Transformation Tracking Quality metrics before and after processing Grade assignment and modification Defect identification and impact Processing quality assurance Value optimization tracking

12.1.5. Processing Efficiency Metrics

1. Volume Recovery Rates Standard recovery rates by processing type Equipment-specific efficiency tracking Operator performance metrics Quality impact on recovery rates

2. Quality Transformation Grade improvement through processing Defect removal effectiveness Value-added processing metrics Market specification achievement

3. Species-Specific Processing Species-appropriate processing methods Species-specific recovery rates Quality outcomes by species Processing optimization by species

12.1.6. Validation Rules

1. TRU Relationship Validation inputTraceableUnitId must reference existing TRU outputTraceableUnitId must be created or reference existing TRU processTimestamp must be ≥ input TRU creation timestamp Output TRU creation must be ≥ processTimestamp

2. Volume Conservation outputVolume + volumeLoss should approximately equal inputVolume Volume loss must be reasonable for processing type Volume calculations must account for species composition changes

3. Processing Logic Processing type must be appropriate for input TRU type Equipment must be suitable for processing type Operator must be qualified for processing operation Location must support specified processing type

12.1.7. Example Use Cases

1. Tree Felling Operation Input: Standing tree (estimated volume) Process: Felling with chainsaw Output: Felled tree/log with measured volume Volume loss: Sawdust and cutting waste Quality assessment: Initial grade assignment

2. Log Crosscutting Input: Long log (25.5 m³) Process: Crosscutting to market lengths Output: Multiple shorter logs (24.2 m³ total) Volume loss: Saw kerf and end trim (1.3 m³) Quality: Length optimization for grade recovery

3. Multi-Species Pile Processing Input: Mixed species pile Process: Species sorting and assortment Output: Separate species piles Composition change: Mixed to segregated Quality improvement through sorting

12.1.8. Relationships

• MaterialProcessing consumes one input TraceableUnit

• MaterialProcessing produces one output TraceableUnit

• MaterialProcessing located at one GeographicData location

• MaterialProcessing performed by one Operator

• MaterialProcessing generates MeasurementRecord entries

• MaterialProcessing triggers LocationHistory events

• MaterialProcessing supports TRU split/merge operations

• MaterialProcessing enables processing chain audit trails

12.1.9. ProcessingHistory

Chronological tracking of all processing operations affecting TraceableUnit entities throughout their lifecycle. Complements MaterialProcessing with TRU-centric audit trails and genealogy tracking.

**🗂️ View ProcessingHistory in ERD Navigator**

13. ProcessingHistory

13.1. ProcessingHistory

13.1.1. Overview

ProcessingHistory serves as the TRU-centric complement to the operation-centric MaterialProcessing entity, providing a unified timeline view of how materials evolve through the supply chain.

13.1.2. Purpose

• Chronological Processing Timeline: Complete ordered sequence of processing events for each TRU

• Genealogy Tracking: Parent/child relationships through split and merge operations

• Volume Conservation Validation: Track volume changes and losses across processing chain

• Claim Inheritance Management: Sustainability claim propagation through processing steps

• Audit Trail Completeness: Support regulatory compliance and third-party verification

• Processing Analytics: Enable business intelligence on processing efficiency and quality

13.1.3. Fields

13.1.4. Processing Event Types

1. transformation Standard processing operations that change material characteristics Includes felling, delimbing, crosscutting, chipping, debarking Single input TRU → Single output TRU with changed properties Volume, quality, or plant part composition changes

2. split One input TRU divided into multiple output TRUs Examples: Log crosscutting, pile sorting by grade, load division Single input TRU → Multiple output TRUs Volume conservation across all outputs required

3. merge Multiple input TRUs combined into single output TRU Examples: Pile consolidation, load combining, batch aggregation Multiple input TRUs → Single output TRU Species and plant part composition tracking required

4. quality_change Processing that primarily affects quality without volume change Examples: Grading, moisture testing, defect assessment Quality characteristics updated without physical transformation May trigger claim validation requirements

5. loading Transportation-related processing with material transformation Examples: Pile to truck conversion with volume settling Configuration or accessibility changes during transport preparation Bridges pure movement (LocationHistory) with processing

6. transport_processing Processing operations that occur during transportation Examples: In-transit sorting, consolidation stops, quality monitoring Combines spatial movement with material transformation Requires both ProcessingHistory and LocationHistory records

7. measurement Processing events focused on data collection and validation Examples: Volume reconciliation, biometric scanning, quality testing May not change material but updates TRU characteristics Critical for media-break prevention and data validation

13.1.5. Volume Conservation Data

Complex object tracking volume conservation across processing operations:

{
  "totalInputVolume": 25.5,
  "totalOutputVolume": 24.2, 
  "volumeLoss": 1.3,
  "lossReason": "sawdust",
  "conservationValidated": true
}

Volume Loss Reasons:

• sawdust: Material lost as sawdust during cutting operations

• trimming: Volume lost during quality improvement trimming

• moisture_loss: Volume reduction due to drying/seasoning

• handling_damage: Volume lost due to handling damage

• sorting_loss: Volume lost during sorting/grading operations

• measurement_variance: Apparent loss due to measurement differences

13.1.6. Media Break Data

Information about media breaks and recovery procedures:

{
  "mediaBreakOccurred": false,
  "breakDuration": null,
  "breakReason": null, 
  "recoveryMethod": null,
  "dataIntegrityValidated": true
}

Media Break Recovery Methods:

• biometric_verification: Recovery using optical biometric patterns

• rfid_backup: Recovery using backup RFID identification

• operator_verification: Manual verification by qualified operator

• measurement_reconciliation: Recovery through volume/dimension matching

13.1.7. Claim Inheritance Data

Tracking sustainability claim inheritance through processing:

{
  "inheritedClaims": ["CLAIM-FSC-MIX-KLA-042"],
  "newClaims": ["CLAIM-GRADE-A-SAWLOG"],
  "claimValidationRequired": true,
  "claimValidationCompleted": true
}

13.1.8. Relationships

• ProcessingHistory belongs to TraceableUnit (many-to-one)

• ProcessingHistory references MaterialProcessing (many-to-one)

• ProcessingHistory references GeographicData (many-to-one)

• ProcessingHistory references Operator (many-to-one)

• ProcessingHistory forms processing chains with other ProcessingHistory records (linked list)

• ProcessingHistory supports split/merge through multiple input/output TRU references

13.1.9. Usage Examples

13.1.9.1. Simple Transformation Chain

-- Get complete processing timeline for TRU
SELECT * FROM ProcessingHistory 
WHERE traceableUnitId = 'TRU-LOG-CA-042'
ORDER BY processSequenceNumber;

13.1.9.2. Split Operation Tracking

-- Find all TRUs created from split operation
SELECT outputTRUIds FROM ProcessingHistory
WHERE processingEventType = 'split' 
AND 'TRU-PILE-ORIGINAL' = ANY(inputTRUIds);

13.1.9.3. Volume Conservation Analysis

-- Analyze volume losses by processing type
SELECT 
  mph.processType,
  AVG(ph.volumeChangeRatio) as avg_recovery_rate,
  SUM((ph.volumeConservationData->>'volumeLoss')::numeric) as total_loss
FROM ProcessingHistory ph
JOIN MaterialProcessing mph ON ph.materialProcessingId = mph.processingId
GROUP BY mph.processType;

13.1.10. Transportation Classification Framework

This entity supports the transportation classification framework where:

1. Pure Transportation → LocationHistory only (spatial movement)

2. Transformative Transportation → ProcessingHistory + MaterialProcessing (material changes)

3. Complex Transportation → Both ProcessingHistory and LocationHistory (movement + transformation)

See transportation classification documentation for detailed decision framework.

13.1.11. Business Rules

1. Sequence Integrity: ProcessSequenceNumber must be sequential and unique per TRU

2. Volume Conservation: Total input volume should equal total output volume plus documented losses

3. Claim Inheritance: Claims must be properly inherited based on volume percentages and processing type

4. Media Break Prevention: Each processing step must maintain traceability chain integrity

5. Geographic Consistency: Processing location should be consistent with LocationHistory records

6. Temporal Ordering: Timestamp sequence should align with processSequenceNumber ordering

13.1.12. Integration with BOOST Traceability System

ProcessingHistory directly supports BOOST traceability system requirements:

• Media-Interruption-Free Traceability: Complete chronological processing chain

• Volume Conservation: Detailed tracking of volume changes and losses

• Biometric Integration: Links to biometric identification at each processing step

• Three Critical Tracking Points: Processing events at harvest, transport, and mill locations

• Equipment Integration: Direct connection to harvesting and processing equipment data

13.2. Organizational Foundation Entities

*Note: Organization is now part of Core Traceability Entities - see § 8.1.6 Organization*

13.2.1. Certificate

Certification documents for Organization entities. Links to CertificationBody and CertificationScheme for comprehensive certification management.

**🗂️ View Certificate in ERD Navigator**

14. Certificate

14.1. Overview

14.2. Fields

14.3. Relationships

14.3.1. Parent Entities

• CertificationScheme (certificationSchemeId) - The standard or program under which certification was issued

• CertificationBody (cbId) - The independent organization that issued the certificate

• Organization (organizationId) - The entity that received the certificate

14.3.2. Child Entities

• Claim - Claims can reference certificates as validation

• VerificationStatement - May reference certificates for third-party validation

14.4. Business Rules

1. Certificate Number Uniqueness: certificateNumber must be unique across all certificates

2. Date Validation: dateOfExpiry must be after dateOfIssue

3. Status Consistency: Status must reflect current validity based on dates and conditions

4. Scheme Alignment: Certificate scope must align with the capabilities of the certification scheme

5. Organization Eligibility: Only organizations meeting scheme requirements can receive certificates

14.5. Common Queries

• Find all active certificates for an organization

• List certificates expiring within a date range

• Validate certificate status for claim verification

• Generate certificate renewal notifications

• Track certification body performance metrics

14.6. Integration Points

• Supply Chain Validation: Certificates validate sustainability claims in transactions

• Compliance Reporting: Required for regulatory compliance in various jurisdictions

• Third-party Verification: Referenced in verification statements and audit reports

• Mass Balance Accounting: Certificates enable certified material tracking

14.7. Additional Essential Entities

*Note: Material is now part of Core Traceability Entities - see § 9.1.10 Material*

14.7.1. SpeciesComponent

Multi-species composition data for Material entities. Essential for mixed-species TraceableUnit tracking with percentage validation.

**🗂️ View SpeciesComponent in ERD Navigator**

15. SpeciesComponent

15.1. SpeciesComponent

15.1.1. Overview

15.1.2. Fields

15.1.3. Key Features

1. Species-Level Detail Both common and scientific name support Detailed forestry metrics (DBH, height, age) Species-specific quality grading Individual harvesting method tracking

2. Volume Integrity Precise volume tracking in cubic meters Percentage composition within parent TRU Validation that components sum to 100% of TRU volume Support for volume conservation in processing

3. Geographic Origin Tracking Link to specific harvest locations Support for species migration tracking Integration with supply base area boundaries Environmental compliance reporting

4. Quality and Condition Assessment Species-specific quality grades Defect tracking and categorization Moisture content monitoring Structural integrity assessment

5. Carbon and Environmental Data Species-specific carbon storage calculations Integration with environmental impact assessments Support for carbon credit accounting Biodiversity compliance reporting

15.1.4. Species Classification Examples

1. Softwood Species Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) Ponderosa Pine (Pinus ponderosa) Western Hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) Incense Cedar (Calocedrus decurrens)

2. Hardwood Species California Black Oak (Quercus kelloggii) Pacific Madrone (Arbutus menziesii) Bigleaf Maple (Acer macrophyllum) Tanoak (Notholithocarpus densiflorus)

15.1.5. Harvesting Method Classifications

• chainsaw: Manual chainsaw operation

• harvester: Mechanical harvester equipment

• manual: Hand tools and manual techniques

• mechanical: Other mechanical equipment

15.1.6. Quality Grade Standards

Species-specific quality grades vary by:

• Structural integrity requirements

• Visual appearance standards

• Moisture content specifications

• Defect tolerance levels

• End-use applications

15.1.7. Validation Rules

1. Volume Conservation Sum of all SpeciesComponent volumes must equal parent TRU volume Sum of all percentageByVolume must equal 100%

2. Data Consistency harvestTimestamp must be ≤ parent TRU createdTimestamp volumeM3 must be > 0 percentageByVolume must be between 0 and 100

3. Multi-Species Requirements Only required when parent TRU has isMultiSpecies = true Single-species TRUs may optionally use SpeciesComponent for detailed tracking

15.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. Mixed Softwood Pile Multiple SpeciesComponents for Douglas Fir, Pine, Hemlock Volume percentages sum to 100% Species-specific quality grades and harvesting methods Individual geographic origins within supply base

2. Selective Harvest Tracking Individual tree species from selective cutting operations Detailed forestry metrics (DBH, height, age) Species-specific carbon storage calculations Biodiversity impact assessment data

3. Processing Operation Input Species composition before and after processing Volume conservation validation Species-specific claim inheritance Quality grade preservation or transformation

15.1.9. Relationships

• SpeciesComponent belongs to one TraceableUnit (many-to-one)

• SpeciesComponent references GeographicData for species origin

• SpeciesComponent supports species-specific Claims

• SpeciesComponent enables species-level MeasurementRecord tracking

• SpeciesComponent supports BiometricIdentifier species-specific data

• SpeciesComponent enables species-level carbon and environmental data

15.1.10. Operator

16. Operator

16.1. Operator

16.1.1. Overview

16.1.2. Fields

16.1.3. Operator Types

1. harvester_operator Operates harvesting equipment and machinery Responsible for tree felling and initial processing Creates initial TRU records and biometric captures Manages harvest site operations and safety Examples: Feller buncher operators, chainsaw operators

2. transport_driver Responsible for timber transportation Manages chain of custody during transport Operates tracking point check-ins and check-outs Maintains load documentation and manifests Examples: Log truck drivers, chip truck operators

3. mill_operator Operates processing equipment and machinery Manages TRU processing and transformation Responsible for quality control and grading Operates measurement and verification equipment Examples: Saw operators, debarker operators

4. quality_inspector Conducts quality assessments and grading Validates measurements and specifications Performs audit and compliance inspections Documents quality metrics and defects Examples: Lumber graders, quality control technicians

5. processing_technician Operates specialized processing equipment Manages technical processing operations Documents processing steps and quality metrics Maintains equipment calibration and performance Examples: Delimbing technicians, sorting specialists

6. equipment_maintenance Maintains and repairs operational equipment Ensures equipment calibration and accuracy Manages preventive maintenance schedules Troubleshoots equipment malfunctions Examples: Mechanic technicians, calibration specialists

7. loading_operator Operates loading and material handling equipment Manages TRU loading and unloading operations Documents material transfer activities Ensures safe and efficient material handling Examples: Crane operators, loader operators

8. scaling_specialist Operates weighing and measurement systems Manages tracking point measurement activities Documents volume and weight measurements Maintains scale calibration and accuracy Examples: Truck scale operators, volume measurement technicians

9. environmental_monitor Monitors environmental compliance and conditions Documents environmental impact assessments Ensures regulatory compliance adherence Manages environmental data collection Examples: Air quality monitors, soil impact assessors

10. safety_coordinator

    • Oversees workplace safety and compliance

    • Manages safety training and certification programs

    • Conducts safety inspections and audits

    • Coordinates emergency response procedures

    • Examples: Safety officers, training coordinators

16.1.4. Key Features

1. Certification Management Professional certification tracking and validation Equipment qualification documentation Training record management and renewal tracking Competency assessment and verification Regulatory compliance monitoring

2. Geographic Assignment Primary work location assignment Mobile operator location tracking Multi-site operator assignment capabilities Tracking point responsibility assignment Regional operational area access control

3. Equipment Integration Equipment qualification and authorization Equipment-specific training requirements Operator-equipment pairing for accountability Equipment access control and security Performance tracking by equipment type

4. Accountability and Traceability Individual operator identification in all operations Activity logging and audit trail creation Performance metrics and quality tracking Incident and issue responsibility assignment Chain of custody operator verification

16.1.5. Certification Categories

1. Professional Licenses Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) Certified Logger credentials Professional engineer licenses Safety training certifications Equipment operator licenses

2. Equipment Qualifications Harvester operation certification Crane operator qualification Scale system operation training Biometric scanner certification GPS system operation training

3. Safety Certifications OSHA safety training First aid and CPR certification Hazmat handling certification Confined space entry training Fall protection certification

4. Industry Certifications Lumber grading certification Chain of custody training Quality control certification Environmental compliance training Sustainable forestry practices

16.1.6. Equipment Qualifications

1. Harvesting Equipment harvester_head: Harvester head operation feller_buncher: Feller buncher operation delimber: Delimbing equipment operation forwarder: Log forwarding equipment skidder: Skidding equipment operation

2. Transportation Equipment log_truck: Log truck operation chip_truck: Chip truck operation heavy_haul: Heavy haul equipment crane: Crane operation certification log_loader: Log loading equipment

3. Processing Equipment sawmill: Sawmill equipment operation debarker: Debarking equipment chipper: Chipping equipment operation planer: Planing equipment operation sorter: Sorting equipment operation

4. Measurement Equipment scale_system: Scale operation and calibration optical_scanner: Optical measurement systems biometric_scanner: Biometric identification equipment GPS: GPS and location systems moisture_meter: Moisture content measurement

16.1.7. Validation Rules

1. Identification Requirements operatorId must be unique across system operatorName must be non-empty employeeId must be unique within organization organizationId must reference valid Organization

2. Role and Qualification Consistency operatorRole must align with job responsibilities certifications must be appropriate for operatorRole equipmentQualifications must be relevant to work assignments Training records must support certification claims

3. Geographic and Assignment Logic primaryWorkLocationId must reference valid GeographicData assignedTrackingPoints must be within operational area Work location must be consistent with organization operations Equipment access must align with location assignments

4. Active Status and Compliance activeStatus must reflect current employment status Certification expiry dates must be monitored Training requirements must be current and valid Contact information must be current and accessible

16.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. Mobile Harvesting Operator operatorRole: harvester Multiple equipment qualifications for harvesting machinery Mobile work assignments across forest locations Safety and professional logging certifications GPS and biometric scanner training

2. Mill Scale Operator operatorRole: scale_operator Fixed assignment to mill entrance tracking point Scale system certification and calibration training Quality inspector qualifications Measurement accuracy and documentation responsibilities

3. Multi-Role Supervisor operatorRole: supervisor Oversight responsibilities for multiple operators Broad equipment qualifications and certifications Quality control and compliance authority Training and certification management duties

16.1.9. Relationships

• Operator employed by one Organization

• Operator assigned to primary GeographicData work location

• Operator responsible for multiple TrackingPoints

• Operator qualified to use specific equipment types

• Operator takes MeasurementRecord entries

• Operator performs MaterialProcessing operations

• Operator manages LocationHistory events

• Operator validates Claims and performs DataReconciliation

16.1.10. Equipment

17. Equipment

17.1. Overview

17.2. Business Purpose

• Asset Management: Track ownership and location of forestry equipment

• Operational Planning: Assign equipment to specific harvest sites and operations

• Maintenance Tracking: Monitor equipment condition and service schedules

• Cost Allocation: Associate equipment costs with specific operations and TRUs

• Regulatory Compliance: Track equipment certifications and emissions compliance

• Insurance Management: Maintain equipment insurance and coverage information

17.3. Core Fields

17.3.1. Identity Fields

• equipmentId (PK): Unique identifier using EQ- prefix pattern (e.g., EQ-HARVESTER-001)

• equipmentName: Descriptive name combining manufacturer and model (e.g., "John Deere 770G Harvester")

• equipmentType: Standardized equipment category for operational planning

17.3.2. Organizational Relationships

• organizationId (FK): Links to owning Organization entity

• currentOperatorId (FK): Optional link to currently assigned Operator

• assignedTrackingPointId (FK): Current location or operational assignment

17.3.3. Technical Specifications

• manufacturer: Equipment manufacturer (John Deere, Caterpillar, etc.)

• model: Specific model designation

• serialNumber: Manufacturer serial number for warranty and service

• yearManufactured: Manufacturing year for age and depreciation tracking

• specifications: Technical details including capacity, engine power, and weight

17.3.4. Operational Management

• operationalStatus: Current status (active, maintenance, inactive, retired, repair)

• maintenanceSchedule: Service intervals, last service, and operating hours

• certifications: Safety, emissions, and regulatory certifications

17.3.5. Financial Information

• acquisitionDate: When equipment was acquired by the organization

• acquisitionCost: Purchase or lease cost for depreciation calculations

• insuranceInfo: Policy details for risk management

17.4. Equipment Types

17.4.1. Primary Harvesting Equipment

• harvester: Felling and delimbing machines (e.g., John Deere 770G)

• skidder: Log transport from harvest site to landing (e.g., Caterpillar 535D)

• forwarder: Cut-to-length log transport (e.g., Ponsse Buffalo)

17.4.2. Processing Equipment

• chipper: Wood chipping for biomass production

• debarker: Bark removal from logs

• grinder: Size reduction of wood waste

• screener: Material size classification

17.4.3. Support Equipment

• loader: Material handling and loading (e.g., Liebherr L580)

• conveyor: Material transport systems

• saw: Cutting and bucking operations

• kiln: Drying operations for processed materials

17.5. Usage Patterns

17.5.1. Equipment Assignment Workflow

1. Acquisition: Equipment acquired by Organization, recorded with specifications

2. Assignment: Equipment assigned to TrackingPoint (harvest site, mill yard)

3. Operation: Current Operator assigned for daily operations

4. Maintenance: Status updated for scheduled or unscheduled maintenance

5. Reassignment: Equipment moved between locations as operations require

17.5.2. Cost Allocation

• Equipment costs allocated to TRUs based on operational assignments

• Maintenance costs tracked against equipment for total cost of ownership

• Insurance and depreciation distributed across operations

17.5.3. Compliance Tracking

• Emissions certifications ensure regulatory compliance

• Safety certifications validate operator training requirements

• Insurance tracking prevents operational gaps in coverage

17.6. Relationships

17.6.1. Organization → Equipment (One-to-Many)

• Organizations own and manage multiple pieces of equipment

• Equipment ownership determines operational responsibility

• Cost center allocation follows ownership structure

17.6.2. Equipment → Operator (Many-to-One, Optional)

• Equipment can be operated by different operators over time

• Current operator assignment for accountability and training verification

• Operator certifications must match equipment requirements

17.6.3. Equipment → TrackingPoint (Many-to-One, Optional)

• Equipment assigned to specific operational locations

• Enables spatial tracking of equipment utilization

• Supports operational planning and logistics

17.7. Data Quality Considerations

17.7.1. Required Information

• All equipment must have unique ID, name, type, and owning organization

• Operational status required for planning and allocation decisions

• Basic manufacturer and model information for service and parts management

17.7.2. Optional but Important

• Operator assignments improve accountability and training compliance

• Location assignments enable better operational planning

• Maintenance schedules prevent unexpected downtime

• Financial information supports asset management decisions

17.7.3. Validation Rules

• Equipment can only be assigned to one operator at a time

• Operational status must be consistent with assignments (inactive equipment shouldn’t have operators)

• Maintenance schedules should align with manufacturer recommendations

• Certifications should be current for active equipment

17.8. Integration Points

17.8.1. TraceableUnit Integration

• Equipment usage tracked against TRUs for cost allocation

• Processing operations link equipment to material transformations

• Harvest operations connect equipment to TRU creation

17.8.2. MaterialProcessing Integration

• Processing equipment linked to specific material transformations

• Equipment specifications influence processing capacity and output quality

• Maintenance schedules affect processing operation planning

17.8.3. Compliance Integration

• Equipment certifications support regulatory reporting requirements

• Emissions data contributes to carbon footprint calculations

• Safety certifications ensure operational compliance

This Equipment entity provides comprehensive asset management capabilities while supporting the operational and regulatory requirements of biomass supply chain management.

17.8.4. BiometricIdentifier

Enables media-interruption-free tracking for TraceableUnit entities through optical pattern recognition and biometric signatures.

**🗂️ View BiometricIdentifier in ERD Navigator**

18. BiometricIdentifier

18.1. BiometricIdentifier

18.1.1. Overview

18.1.2. Fields

18.1.3. Capture Methods

1. optical_scanner Dedicated optical scanning equipment High-resolution cameras with controlled lighting Automated pattern extraction algorithms Real-time processing and signature generation Integration with tracking point infrastructure

2. photo_analysis Mobile device camera capture Manual or semi-automated photo capture Post-processing pattern analysis Cloud-based or local analysis systems Field verification and backup identification

18.1.4. Key Features

1. Attachment-Free Identification No physical tags or markers required Natural wood grain pattern recognition Unique optical signatures for individual logs Non-invasive identification process Environmentally friendly approach

2. Multi-Species Support Species-specific biometric algorithms Multiple pattern recognition within single TRU Complex pile and batch identification Species composition validation Mixed-species pile tracking

3. Pattern Recognition Technology Machine learning algorithms for pattern matching Unique signature generation from wood grain Bark pattern and texture analysis End-grain pattern recognition Cross-sectional analysis capabilities

4. Quality Assurance Pattern uniqueness validation False positive prevention Multiple angle capture support Lighting condition normalization Pattern degradation tracking over time

18.1.5. Biometric Signature Formats

1. Hash-Based Signatures Cryptographic hash of pattern data Compact storage and fast comparison Privacy-preserving identification Tamper-evident signature format

2. Vector-Based Signatures Mathematical representation of patterns Machine learning feature vectors Scalable similarity matching Advanced pattern analysis support

3. Image-Based Signatures Processed image data storage Visual pattern verification Human-readable verification support Quality assessment capabilities

18.1.6. Validation Rules

1. TRU Integration traceableUnitId must reference existing TRU captureTimestamp must be ≥ TRU creation timestamp Species biometrics must match TRU species composition

2. Pattern Quality biometricSignature must be non-empty and valid format Capture method must be appropriate for equipment type Pattern uniqueness must be verified within system

3. Location Consistency captureGeographicDataId must reference valid location trackingPointId must be consistent with location Capture equipment must be available at location

18.1.7. Multi-Species Biometric Tracking

1. Complex Pile Analysis Individual log identification within piles Species-specific pattern databases Multiple biometric signatures per TRU Pattern correlation and validation

2. Species Composition Validation Biometric confirmation of species identification Cross-validation with visual species assessment Pattern-based species classification Biodiversity compliance verification

3. Processing Chain Continuity Pattern preservation through processing steps Split/merge operation pattern tracking Parent/child TRU pattern inheritance Continuous identification chain

18.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. Harvest Site Identification Initial biometric capture during felling End-grain pattern analysis of fresh cuts Species verification through pattern analysis Unique identification without physical tags

2. Mill Entrance Verification Final biometric verification before processing Pattern matching with harvest site capture Quality assessment through pattern analysis Processing authorization through identification

3. Multi-Species Pile Processing Individual log identification within mixed piles Species-specific processing routing Pattern-based quality grading Biodiversity compliance documentation

18.1.9. Relationships

• BiometricIdentifier belongs to one TraceableUnit

• BiometricIdentifier captured at one TrackingPoint

• BiometricIdentifier located at one GeographicData point

• BiometricIdentifier supports species-specific identification

• BiometricIdentifier enables attachment-free TRU tracking

• BiometricIdentifier validates TRU identity throughout processing chain

18.1.10. LocationHistory

Tracks movement history for TraceableUnit entities, connecting to GeographicData and TrackingPoint entities.

**🗂️ View LocationHistory in ERD Navigator**

19. LocationHistory

19.1. LocationHistory

19.1.1. Overview

19.1.2. Fields

19.1.3. Location Event Types

1. arrival TRU arrives at a new location Timestamp marks arrival time Often paired with verification methods May trigger processing events

2. departure TRU leaves a location Timestamp marks departure time Transport method usually specified Distance to next location may be calculated

3. processing TRU undergoes processing at location Links to MaterialProcessing entity Location remains same, but TRU state changes Processing operation triggers location history entry

4. storage TRU stored at location for extended period Temporary holding or staging May include storage conditions in notes Duration calculated from arrival/departure timestamps

5. measurement Measurement activity at location Links to MeasurementRecord entities Quality assessment or volume verification Often occurs at tracking points

19.1.4. Transport Methods

• truck: Road transportation via logging trucks or other vehicles

• rail: Railway transportation for long distances

• ship: Water transportation via barges or ships

• conveyor: Mechanical conveyor systems (typically at mills)

• manual: Human-powered movement (short distances, handling)

19.1.5. Verification Methods

• GPS: Global Positioning System coordinates

• RFID: Radio Frequency Identification scanning

• visual_confirmation: Human visual verification

• biometric_scan: Optical biometric pattern verification

19.1.6. Key Features

1. Complete Movement Tracking Chronological location history for each TRU Transport method and distance tracking Equipment and operator accountability Current location flag management

2. Processing Integration Link to MaterialProcessing operations Processing-triggered location events State change tracking at same location Complete transformation history

3. Verification Support Multiple verification methods per event Automated and manual verification options GPS accuracy and reliability tracking Biometric integration for identification

4. Audit Trail Completeness Every location change documented Operator accountability for movements Equipment usage tracking Notes for contextual information

19.1.7. Validation Rules

1. Timeline Integrity Timestamps must be chronological for same TRU Only one current location per TRU (isCurrentLocation = true) Processing events must have valid materialProcessingId

2. Location Consistency geographicDataId must reference valid GeographicData Transport method must be appropriate for distance Verification methods must be realistic for location type

3. Current Location Management Only one LocationHistory entry per TRU can have isCurrentLocation = true Current location must be most recent timestamp Location updates must update previous current location flag

19.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. Harvest to Mill Transport Departure from harvest site with truck transport Arrival at forest road staging area Departure from staging area Arrival at mill entrance with final verification

2. Processing Location Events Arrival at processing facility Processing event at same location (delimbing, crosscutting) Storage event while awaiting next processing step Departure after processing completion

3. Multi-Modal Transportation Truck transport from forest to rail loading Rail transport for long-distance movement Truck transport from rail to final destination Complete distance and method tracking

19.1.9. Relationships

• LocationHistory belongs to one TraceableUnit

• LocationHistory references one GeographicData location

• LocationHistory may reference one MaterialProcessing event

• LocationHistory assigned to one Operator

• LocationHistory supports complete TRU movement audit trails

• LocationHistory enables current location queries for TRUs

19.1.10. MeasurementRecord

20. MeasurementRecord

20.1. MeasurementRecord

20.1.1. Overview

20.1.2. Fields

20.1.3. Measurement Methods

1. harvester Automated measurements from harvesting equipment High precision volume calculations Real-time data collection during harvest operations Integration with harvester computer systems

2. mill Scale and measurement systems at processing facilities Final volume and quality assessments Integration with mill processing equipment Quality grade determination

3. manual Hand measurements using calipers, measuring tapes Field verification measurements Quality control spot checks Backup measurement method

4. optical Optical scanning and measurement systems Non-contact measurement techniques 3D scanning for precise volume calculation Integration with biometric identification

20.1.4. Key Features

1. Multi-Point Measurement Measurements at harvest, transport, and processing points Tracking point integration for location-based measurements Chronological measurement history

2. Species-Specific Data Individual species measurements within multi-species TRUs Species composition validation Species-specific volume tracking

3. Method Validation Multiple measurement methods for cross-validation Automated vs manual measurement comparison Quality assurance through redundant measurements

4. Geographic Integration Location-based measurement tracking Integration with tracking point infrastructure Spatial validation of measurement locations

20.1.5. Validation Rules

1. Measurement Consistency All volume measurements must be ≥ 0 Length and diameter measurements must be ≥ 0 Measurement timestamp must be valid date-time

2. TRU Integration traceableUnitId must reference existing TRU Measurement timestamp must be ≥ TRU creation timestamp Sum of species measurements must equal total measurement

3. Location Validation measurementGeographicDataId must reference valid location Tracking point integration for location consistency Operator assignment validation

20.1.6. Example Use Cases

1. Harvest Measurements Harvester-based automated volume calculation Real-time measurement during tree processing Species-specific measurements for multi-species stands GPS location integration

2. Mill Entrance Verification Scale-based volume verification Quality grade assessment measurements Final reconciliation with harvest measurements Processing facility integration

3. Quality Control Measurements Manual verification measurements Spot check validation of automated systems Defect assessment and grading Compliance verification measurements

20.1.7. Relationships

• MeasurementRecord belongs to one TraceableUnit

• MeasurementRecord taken at one TrackingPoint

• MeasurementRecord located at one GeographicData point

• MeasurementRecord taken by one Operator

• MeasurementRecord supports DataReconciliation validation

• MeasurementRecord generated by MaterialProcessing operations

20.1.8. MoistureContent

21. MoistureContent

21.1. MoistureContent

21.1.1. Overview

21.1.2. Fields

21.1.3. Measurement Methods

1. oven_dry

   • Laboratory standard method using controlled heating

   • High accuracy (±0.5-1.0%) but time-intensive

   • Requires sample removal and laboratory facilities

   • ASTM D4442 and ISO 13061 standard compliance

2. electrical_resistance

   • Portable probe method using electrical conductivity

   • Moderate accuracy (±1-2%) with immediate results

   • Species-specific calibration required

   • Field-suitable for routine measurements

3. near_infrared

   • Non-destructive spectroscopic analysis

   • High accuracy (±0.5-1.5%) with rapid results

   • Expensive equipment but minimal sample preparation

   • Suitable for continuous monitoring applications

4. microwave

   • Rapid moisture determination using microwave energy

   • Moderate accuracy (±1-2%) with fast results

   • Requires sample preparation and specific equipment

   • Good for bulk material assessment

5. gravimetric

   • Weight-based calculation using before/after drying

   • High accuracy reference method

   • Time-intensive but reliable

   • Used for calibrating other methods

6. capacitive

   • Dielectric measurement of moisture content

   • Fast results with moderate accuracy

   • Portable equipment for field use

   • Species and density dependent

21.1.4. Quality Grade Requirements

1. Grade A (Premium)

   • Maximum moisture: 18%

   • Structural and appearance applications

   • High-value products requiring stability

   • Enhanced durability and workability

2. Grade B (Standard)

   • Maximum moisture: 22%

   • General construction and manufacturing

   • Good balance of quality and cost

   • Suitable for most commercial applications

3. Grade C (Utility)

   • Maximum moisture: 30%

   • Lower-grade applications and processing

   • Cost-effective for specific uses

   • May require additional drying for some applications

4. Structural

   • Maximum moisture: 19%

   • Load-bearing construction applications

   • Engineered wood products

   • Building code compliance requirements

5. Fuel Grade

   • Maximum moisture: 50%

   • Biomass fuel applications

   • Energy content directly affected by moisture

   • Economic optimization for fuel efficiency

21.1.5. Key Features

1. Quality Assurance

   • Standardized measurement protocols

   • Equipment calibration tracking

   • Environmental condition monitoring

   • Sample size and accuracy documentation

2. Processing Integration

   • Pre- and post-processing moisture tracking

   • Drying operation effectiveness monitoring

   • Volume adjustment calculations

   • Quality grade validation support

3. Regulatory Compliance

   • LCFS biomass moisture requirements

   • FSC chain of custody moisture tracking

   • SBP per-batch moisture validation

   • Export/import documentation support

4. Business Intelligence

   • Processing efficiency analysis

   • Quality control trend monitoring

   • Economic optimization through moisture management

   • Customer specification compliance verification

21.1.6. Validation Rules

1. Measurement Consistency

   • moisturePercentage must be between 0 and 100%

   • measurementDate must be ≥ TRU creation timestamp

   • Measurement location must be valid if specified

   • Operator must be qualified for measurement method

2. Processing Logic

   • Drying operations must reduce moisture content

   • Storage may increase moisture within limits

   • Transportation should not significantly change moisture

   • Quality grade must be compatible with moisture level

3. Quality Assurance Requirements

   • Equipment calibration must be current

   • Standard procedures must be followed

   • Environmental conditions must be recorded

   • Sample size must be adequate for accuracy

21.1.7. Example Use Cases

1. Sawlog Processing Moisture Control

   • Initial measurement at harvest: 35% moisture

   • Measurement method: electrical_resistance probe

   • Processing: Air drying to 18% for Grade A lumber

   • Final verification: oven_dry method for accuracy

   • Quality assurance: Multi-point sampling with ASTM D4442

2. Biomass Fuel Delivery Verification

   • Delivery requirement: Maximum 45% moisture content

   • Measurement method: near_infrared for rapid assessment

   • LCFS compliance: Documentation for carbon intensity calculation

   • Quality control: Continuous monitoring during unloading

   • Contract validation: Meeting customer specifications

3. Export Lumber Certification

   • Export requirement: 19% moisture maximum

   • Measurement method: oven_dry for regulatory compliance

   • Phytosanitary documentation: Moisture levels for pest control

   • Customer specifications: Meeting international standards

   • Quality certification: Third-party verification support

21.1.8. Relationships

• MoistureContent measured on one TraceableUnit

• MoistureContent taken at one GeographicData location

• MoistureContent performed by one Operator

• MoistureContent supports quality grade determination in Material entities

• MoistureContent enables volume adjustments in MeasurementRecord entities

• MoistureContent required for LCFS compliance in EnergyCarbonData calculations

21.1.9. TrackingPoint

22. TrackingPoint

22.1. TrackingPoint

22.1.1. Overview

22.1.2. Fields

22.1.3. Tracking Point Types

1. harvest_site Initial capture point where TRUs are created Biometric identification at felling/delimbing Species identification and initial measurements GPS coordinate capture for harvest location

2. skid_road Secondary aggregation and sorting point TRU consolidation from multiple harvest sites Quality grading and assortment classification Load preparation for transport

3. forest_road Transport verification and load documentation Final forest-based measurement and verification Transport method and vehicle assignment Departure timestamp and route planning

4. mill_entrance Final verification point before processing Scale-based measurement and reconciliation Quality assessment and acceptance Processing facility intake documentation

22.1.4. Equipment Categories

• RFID_reader: Radio frequency identification scanning equipment

• QR_scanner: Optical QR code reading systems

• biometric_system: Optical wood fingerprinting equipment

• GPS: Global positioning systems for location verification

• scale_system: Weighing and volume measurement equipment

• optical_scanner: Advanced optical measurement systems

22.1.5. Key Features

1. Critical Point Infrastructure Implements BOOST traceability system’s three critical points Equipment redundancy for media break prevention Location-based verification capabilities Operator accountability and management

2. Multi-Technology Support RFID tag reading capabilities QR code scanning systems Biometric pattern recognition GPS location verification Integration with multiple identification methods

3. Process Integration MeasurementRecord capture at tracking points BiometricIdentifier scanning locations LocationHistory event triggers Processing workflow integration

4. Quality Assurance Equipment calibration and maintenance tracking Operator training and certification requirements Performance monitoring and validation Backup identification methods

22.1.6. Equipment Specifications

1. RFID Systems UHF RFID readers for tag detection Range: 1-10 meters depending on tag type Integration with handheld and fixed readers Weather-resistant installation options

2. Optical Biometric Systems High-resolution cameras for wood pattern capture Machine learning algorithms for pattern recognition No physical attachment requirements Multi-species pattern database support

3. GPS Systems Sub-meter accuracy for location verification WAAS/EGNOS correction support Integration with geographic data systems Offline capability for remote locations

22.1.7. Validation Rules

1. Location Consistency geographicDataId must reference valid GeographicData pointType must be appropriate for geographic location Equipment must be suitable for environmental conditions

2. Equipment Requirements At least one identification method must be specified Equipment must be appropriate for pointType Operator must be certified for equipment operation

3. Establishment Timeline establishedTimestamp must be valid date-time Equipment installation must precede TRU processing Operator assignment must be current and valid

22.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. Harvest Site Setup Establish biometric scanning equipment at harvest location GPS coordinate verification for precise location Operator training for equipment operation Integration with harvester computer systems

2. Mill Entrance Configuration Scale system integration with RFID readers Quality assessment station setup Final measurement and reconciliation equipment Processing facility intake procedures

3. Mobile Tracking Points Portable equipment for temporary harvest sites Quick setup and calibration procedures Weather-resistant equipment configurations Remote location connectivity solutions

22.1.9. Relationships

• TrackingPoint located at one GeographicData location

• TrackingPoint operated by one or more Operators

• TrackingPoint captures MeasurementRecord entries

• TrackingPoint enables BiometricIdentifier scanning

• TrackingPoint managed by Organization

• TrackingPoint supports LocationHistory event recording

22.1.10. DataReconciliation

23. DataReconciliation

23.1. DataReconciliation

23.1.1. Overview

23.1.2. Fields

23.1.3. Reconciliation Status Values

1. pending Reconciliation process initiated but not completed Measurements compared, discrepancy calculated Awaiting review or resolution action Default status for new reconciliation records

2. resolved Discrepancy has been addressed and accepted Resolution notes document how discrepancy was handled TRU can proceed in transaction processing Final status for acceptable discrepancies

3. disputed Discrepancy exceeds acceptable tolerance Requires investigation or remeasurement TRU processing may be held pending resolution Escalation to quality assurance team

23.1.4. Key Features

1. Automated Comparison Systematic comparison of forest vs mill measurements Automatic discrepancy calculation Tolerance-based status assignment Species-level discrepancy tracking

2. Quality Assurance Tolerance percentage enforcement Discrepancy reason categorization Resolution process documentation Audit trail for measurement validation

3. Species-Specific Tracking Individual species discrepancy tracking Multi-species TRU reconciliation support Species composition validation Detailed discrepancy analysis

4. Process Integration Transaction processing integration TRU status workflow integration Operator accountability tracking Measurement record validation

23.1.5. Discrepancy Analysis

1. Common Discrepancy Reasons Natural moisture loss: Drying during transport Bark loss: Natural bark shedding during handling Scale calibration: Equipment calibration differences Measurement method: Different measurement techniques Species misidentification: Incorrect species classification

2. Tolerance Guidelines High-value timber: 1-2% tolerance Pulp wood: 3-5% tolerance Biomass fuel: 5-10% tolerance Multi-species piles: Higher tolerance for complexity

3. Resolution Strategies Within tolerance: Accept discrepancy, document reason Exceeds tolerance: Investigate and remeasure Systematic error: Calibrate equipment, adjust process Species composition: Verify species identification

23.1.6. Validation Rules

1. Measurement Consistency forestMeasurement and millMeasurement must be ≥ 0 discrepancy = forestMeasurement - millMeasurement tolerancePercentage must be between 0 and 100

2. Status Workflow Initial status must be "pending" Status changes must be documented with reconciliationDate Resolved status requires resolutionNotes

3. TRU Integration traceableUnitId must reference existing TRU reconciliationDate must be ≥ TRU measurement timestamps Species discrepancies must match TRU species composition

23.1.7. Example Use Cases

1. Standard Reconciliation Forest measurement: 85.25 m³ Mill measurement: 84.75 m³ Discrepancy: 0.50 m³ (0.6%) Status: Resolved (within 2% tolerance) Reason: Natural moisture loss during transport

2. Disputed Reconciliation Forest measurement: 120.50 m³ Mill measurement: 115.25 m³ Discrepancy: 5.25 m³ (4.4%) Status: Disputed (exceeds 3% tolerance) Action: Remeasurement and investigation required

3. Species-Specific Reconciliation Multi-species pile with individual species discrepancies Overall discrepancy within tolerance Individual species discrepancies documented Species composition validation completed

23.1.8. Relationships

• DataReconciliation belongs to one TraceableUnit

• DataReconciliation may belong to one Transaction

• DataReconciliation performed by one reconciliationOperator

• DataReconciliation validates MeasurementRecord accuracy

• DataReconciliation supports Transaction processing validation

• DataReconciliation enables TRU quality assurance workflows

23.2. Certification and Claims Entities

23.2.1. CertificationBody

24. CertificationBody

24.1. Overview

24.2. Fields

24.3. Relationships

24.3.1. Parent Entities

• AccreditationBody (external) - Organization that provides accreditation oversight

24.3.2. Child Entities

• Certificate - Certificates issued by this certification body

• VerificationStatement - Verification statements issued by this body

• Audit - Audits conducted by this certification body

24.4. Business Rules

1. Unique Identification: cbId must be unique across all certification bodies

2. Scheme Authorization: CB can only issue certificates for schemes in authorizedSchemes

3. Regional Compliance: CB must operate within authorized operationalRegions

4. Accreditation Requirements: Must maintain valid accreditation status

5. Validity Period: Cannot issue certificates outside validityPeriod

24.5. Common Queries

• Find certification bodies authorized for specific schemes

• List CBs operating in specific regions

• Validate CB authorization for certificate issuance

• Monitor accreditation status and renewal dates

• Generate CB performance and compliance reports

24.5.1. CertificationScheme

25. CertificationScheme

25.1. CertificationScheme

25.1.1. Overview

25.1.2. Fields

25.1.3. Scheme Types

1. forest_management Certifies responsible forest management practices Covers forest planning, biodiversity conservation, and social impacts Examples: FSC Forest Management, SFI Forest Management Applies to forest owners and managers Long-term forest stewardship focus

2. chain_of_custody Tracks certified material through supply chain Ensures segregation and proper mixing calculations Examples: FSC Chain of Custody, SFI Chain of Custody Applies to processors, manufacturers, and traders Material flow and claim verification

3. controlled_wood Ensures wood avoids controversial sources Risk assessment and mitigation requirements Examples: FSC Controlled Wood, SFI Fiber Sourcing Due diligence and supply chain verification Minimum acceptable standards

4. biomass_sustainability Verifies sustainable biomass production and sourcing Greenhouse gas emission reductions and land use criteria Examples: SBP (Sustainable Biomass Partnership) Regional risk assessments and supply base evaluations Energy and environmental benefits focus

5. carbon_offset Quantifies and verifies carbon sequestration and emission reductions Additionality, permanence, and measurement requirements Examples: Verified Carbon Standard (VCS), Climate Action Reserve Forest carbon projects and methodologies Third-party verification and monitoring

6. environmental_management Comprehensive environmental management systems ISO 14001 and other environmental standards Continuous improvement and compliance frameworks Environmental impact assessment and mitigation Stakeholder engagement and reporting

25.1.4. Key Features

1. Geographic Applicability Regional and national scheme variations Jurisdiction-specific requirements and adaptations Local stakeholder consultation requirements National forest legislation compliance Cultural and social context integration

2. Material Type Specificity Scheme requirements vary by material type Species-specific requirements and considerations Product category eligibility and restrictions Processing method compatibility End-use application suitability

3. Claim Management Supported claim types and calculation methods Percentage thresholds and mixing allowances Label use requirements and restrictions Marketing claim validation requirements Consumer communication standards

4. Verification Requirements Audit frequency and scope requirements Certification body accreditation standards Competency requirements for auditors Stakeholder consultation processes Complaint and dispute resolution procedures

25.1.5. Chain of Custody Systems

1. Physical Separation Complete segregation of certified and non-certified materials Separate storage, processing, and handling systems No mixing of certified and non-certified materials Highest integrity but most restrictive system Premium pricing and marketing advantages

2. Percentage System Allows mixing of certified and non-certified materials Volume-based or mass-based percentage calculations Rolling average calculations over defined periods Balance monitoring and claim reconciliation Flexibility for complex supply chains

3. Credit System Credits earned from certified purchases Credits applied to sales of eligible products Time-based credit accumulation and application Complex accounting and verification requirements Maximum supply chain flexibility

25.1.6. Documentation Requirements

1. Purchase Records Supplier information and certification status Volume and material type documentation Certificate numbers and validity verification Purchase order and invoice records Chain of custody claim verification

2. Production Records Input material tracking and inventory management Processing records and yield calculations Quality control and specification compliance Waste and by-product tracking Production planning and scheduling

3. Sales Documentation Customer information and requirements Product specifications and claims Delivery documentation and tracking Invoice and shipping records Certificate and label application

4. Training and Competency Staff training records and competency assessment Chain of custody system understanding Procedure compliance and verification Continuous improvement and corrective actions Management system documentation

25.1.7. Validation Rules

1. Scheme Identification certificationSchemeId must be unique across system schemeName must match official scheme designation schemeStandard must reference current valid version issuingOrganizationId must reference valid organization

2. Geographic and Material Consistency applicableGeographicAreas must reference valid geographic boundaries eligibleMaterialTypes must align with scheme scope claimTypes must be officially recognized by issuing organization Geographic coverage must not exceed scheme authority

3. Requirement Specifications auditRequirements must specify minimum frequency and scope chainOfCustodyRequirements must be technically feasible documentationRequirements must support verification needs validityPeriod must align with scheme standards

25.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. FSC Chain of Custody Implementation Multi-site certification for integrated forest products company Percentage-based system for mixed material processing Species-specific claims for biodiversity conservation Third-party audits with annual surveillance International supply chain verification

2. SFI Fiber Sourcing Program Regional fiber sourcing with controlled wood requirements Training programs for logger and landowner education Biodiversity conservation and water quality protection Community involvement and stakeholder engagement Research and development support

3. Biomass Sustainability Partnership (SBP) Regional risk assessment and mitigation implementation Supply base evaluation and verification Greenhouse gas emission analysis and reporting Energy efficiency and carbon footprint reduction Independent third-party evaluation

25.1.9. Relationships

• CertificationScheme issued by one Organization

• CertificationScheme applies to multiple GeographicData areas

• CertificationScheme supports multiple material types

• CertificationScheme defines requirements for Claim validation

• CertificationScheme referenced by Certificate issuance

• CertificationScheme guides Organization certification processes

• CertificationScheme enables species-specific sustainability tracking

25.1.10. Claim

26. Claim

26.1. Claim

26.1.1. Overview

26.1.2. Fields

26.1.3. Claim Types

1. FSC Mix Forest Stewardship Council mixed content claims Percentage-based certification claims Chain of custody requirements Species-specific applicability Controlled wood component tracking

2. FSC 100% Full FSC certified content Complete chain of custody verification No non-certified material mixing Premium certification status Strict processing segregation

3. FSC Recycled Post-consumer recycled content claims Recycled content percentage tracking Source material verification Environmental impact claims Circular economy support

4. PEFC Programme for the Endorsement of Forest Certification Regional forest management standards Sustainable forest management claims International mutual recognition National scheme integration

5. SBP-compliant Sustainable Biomass Partnership compliance Biomass sustainability verification Regional risk assessment integration Supply base evaluation compliance Biomass-specific claim requirements

6. ISCC EU International Sustainability and Carbon Certification European Union renewable energy directive compliance Greenhouse gas emission reduction verification Sustainability criteria compliance Mass balance chain of custody

7. RED II Renewable Energy Directive II compliance EU renewable energy sustainability requirements Greenhouse gas emission thresholds Land use change restrictions Sustainability governance requirements

26.1.4. Claim Scopes

1. harvest Claims applicable to harvesting operations Forest management practice compliance Sustainable harvesting method verification Species-specific harvest practices Ecosystem impact assessments

2. processing Manufacturing and processing compliance Processing facility certification Chemical treatment restrictions Processing efficiency requirements Quality management systems

3. transport Supply chain transportation compliance Segregation maintenance during transport Chain of custody documentation Transport emission considerations Logistics sustainability practices

4. full_chain Complete supply chain claim coverage End-to-end certification maintenance Comprehensive audit trail requirements Multi-stakeholder verification Complete chain of custody

26.1.5. Key Features

1. Species-Specific Claims Individual species claim applications Multi-species claim distribution Species composition validation Biodiversity compliance verification Conservation impact tracking

2. TRU Inheritance Tracking Parent TRU claim inheritance Split/merge claim distribution Processing chain claim continuity Chain of custody maintenance Audit trail preservation

3. Percentage-Based Claims Partial certification content tracking Mixed source material claims Controlled wood component identification Claim percentage validation Mass balance calculations

4. Validation and Verification Third-party validation support Evidence document linking Expiry date management Validation timestamp tracking Auditor accountability

26.1.6. Claim Inheritance Rules

1. Split Operations Claims inherited by all child TRUs Percentage adjustments for volume changes Species-specific claim distribution Volume-weighted claim allocation Conservation of total certified volume

2. Merge Operations Claims combined from parent TRUs Percentage recalculation for combined volume Species composition impact on claims Claim compatibility verification Mixed claim scenario handling

3. Processing Operations Claim continuity through processing Processing-specific claim restrictions Equipment contamination considerations Segregation requirement compliance Processing facility certification requirements

26.1.7. Validation Rules

1. TRU Integration traceableUnitId must reference existing TRU Claim must be compatible with TRU species composition Claim percentage must not exceed 100% Inheritance tracking must reference valid parent TRUs

2. Certification Logic Claim type must be compatible with certification scheme Validation must be performed by authorized validator Evidence documents must support claim statement Expiry dates must be reasonable and future-dated

3. Species Consistency applicableSpecies must be subset of TRU species composition Species-specific claims must sum to valid totals Multi-species claims must account for all species Species claim percentages must align with composition

26.1.8. Example Use Cases

1. FSC Mix Inheritance Parent TRU with 70% FSC Mix claim Crosscutting operation creates 3 child TRUs Each child inherits 70% FSC Mix claim Volume distribution tracked for mass balance Chain of custody documentation maintained

2. Multi-Species Claim Application Mixed species TRU with Douglas Fir and Pine FSC claim applies only to Douglas Fir component Species-specific claim percentage calculation Pine component tracked as controlled wood Overall claim percentage reflects species mix

3. Processing Chain Claim Continuity Harvest site TRU with SBP-compliant claim Processing through felling, delimbing, crosscutting Claim maintained through each processing step Processing facility certification verified Final product maintains SBP compliance

26.1.9. Relationships

• Claim belongs to one TraceableUnit

• Claim references CertificationScheme for detailed requirements

• Claim validated by Organization or Operator

• Claim supported by evidence documents

• Claim inherited from parent TraceableUnits through processing chain

• Claim enables species-specific sustainability tracking

• Claim supports mass balance chain of custody calculations

26.2. Supply Chain and Commerce Entities

26.2.1. ProductGroup

27. ProductGroup

27.1. ProductGroup

27.1.1. Overview

27.1.2. Fields

27.1.3. Material Object

27.1.4. Example Use Cases

1. Forest Slash-Derived Biochar Category: solid_biomass Uses: Soil amendment, carbon sequestration Standards: IBI Biochar Standards, EBC Premium Grade Certifications: FSC Controlled Wood, SBP-compliant biomass

2. Refined Bio-oil Category: liquid_biofuel Uses: Transportation fuel, industrial heating Standards: EN 14214, ASTM D6751 Certifications: ISCC EU, RSB Global

27.1.5. Relationships

• Organization defines multiple ProductGroups

• ProductGroup is tracked by MassBalanceAccount

• ProductGroup categorizes multiple Materials

• Certificate certifies multiple ProductGroups

27.1.6. Transaction

28. Transaction

28.1. Transaction

28.1.1. Overview

28.1.2. Fields

28.1.3. Transaction Status Workflow

1. pending

   • Initial transaction creation and negotiation phase

   • Contract terms under discussion

   • Awaiting final approvals and signatures

   • No material transfer or payment processing

2. confirmed

   • Contract signed and terms finalized

   • Transaction authorized for execution

   • Material preparation and logistics coordination

   • Payment processing initiated according to terms

3. delivered

   • Materials physically delivered to customer

   • Delivery documentation completed and verified

   • Quality inspection and acceptance procedures

   • Awaiting final payment and transaction closure

4. completed

   • All contract obligations fulfilled

   • Payment processed and received

   • Documentation finalized and archived

   • Transaction closed with full compliance

5. cancelled

   • Transaction terminated before completion

   • Cancellation terms and penalties applied

   • Partial deliveries and payments reconciled

   • Documentation updated for audit trail

6. disputed

   • Transaction issues under dispute resolution

   • Quality, quantity, or delivery discrepancies

   • Legal or arbitration proceedings active

   • Resolution pending with partial execution

28.1.4. Financial Terms Management

1. Contract Value Structure

   • Base price per unit or total contract value

   • Currency specification and exchange rate handling

   • Price adjustments for quality variations

   • Volume-based pricing tiers and discounts

2. Payment Terms

   • Payment schedule and milestone requirements

   • Down payment and progress payment structures

   • Payment methods and processing procedures

   • Late payment penalties and interest charges

3. Risk Management

   • Force majeure clauses and conditions

   • Quality guarantees and performance bonds

   • Insurance requirements and coverage

   • Dispute resolution mechanisms and procedures

4. Financial Controls

   • Credit limits and approval authorities

   • Payment security and collateral requirements

   • Multi-currency transaction management

   • Financial reporting and audit trail requirements

28.1.5. LCFS Compliance Integration

1. Pathway Management

   • CARB-certified pathway identification and validation

   • Carbon intensity value assignment and tracking

   • Energy economy ratio calculations

   • Regulatory benchmark comparison and compliance

2. Fuel Classification

   • Renewable fuel category determination

   • Advanced biofuel qualification assessment

   • Low carbon fuel standard compliance verification

   • California Air Resources Board reporting requirements

3. Credit Calculations

   • LCFS credit generation calculations

   • Fuel volume and energy content verification

   • Lifecycle emission reductions quantification

   • Quarterly reporting aggregation and submission

4. Regulated Party Compliance

   • Producer, importer, blender role identification

   • Compliance obligation calculation and tracking

   • Credit trading and banking system integration

   • Annual compliance demonstration requirements

28.1.6. Supply Chain Integration

1. TRU Traceability

   • Complete traceable unit inclusion and tracking

   • Species composition documentation and verification

   • Processing history and transformation tracking

   • Quality specifications and grade compliance

2. Tracking Point Coordination

   • Multi-point location tracking and verification

   • Chain of custody maintenance across locations

   • Media-interruption-free tracking validation

   • Geographic verification and compliance

3. Processing Integration

   • Material processing coordination and scheduling

   • Quality control and specification compliance

   • Volume reconciliation and measurement validation

   • Processing facility integration and coordination

4. Documentation Management

   • Sales and delivery document coordination

   • Certificate and compliance documentation

   • Audit trail maintenance and verification

   • Regulatory reporting and submission coordination

28.1.7. Example Use Cases

1. Renewable Diesel Feedstock Transaction

   • Transaction: Large-scale used cooking oil supply contract

   • LCFS Compliance: Tier 1 pathway with verified carbon intensity

   • Financial Terms: $2.5M contract with quarterly deliveries

   • Traceability: Complete supply chain documentation from collection to processing

   • Compliance: CARB LCFS reporting with verified sustainability claims

2. Export Lumber Transaction

   • Transaction: Container shipment of certified lumber to international customer

   • Certification: FSC Chain of Custody with species-specific claims

   • Financial Terms: Letter of credit with FOB shipping terms

   • Traceability: Individual log tracking from forest to port

   • Compliance: Phytosanitary certification and export documentation

3. Biomass Energy Supply Agreement

   • Transaction: Long-term biomass fuel supply contract

   • SBP Compliance: Sustainable biomass partnership verification

   • Financial Terms: Multi-year agreement with price escalation clauses

   • Traceability: Supply base reporting and mass balance tracking

   • Compliance: Regional risk assessment and mitigation measures

28.1.8. Validation Rules

1. Transaction Requirements

   • transactionId must be unique across system

   • OrganizationId and CustomerId must reference valid entities

   • contractValue must be positive number

   • transactionStatus must follow valid workflow progression

2. Financial Consistency

   • contractCurrency must be supported currency code

   • Payment terms must be realistic and enforceable

   • Contract value must align with material quantities and market rates

   • Financial terms must comply with applicable regulations

3. LCFS Integration

   • LcfsPathwayId must reference valid CARB-certified pathway

   • Fuel category must align with pathway feedstock specifications

   • Fuel volume must be consistent with TRU quantities

   • Reporting period must be current or future quarter

4. Supply Chain Consistency

   • traceableUnitIds must reference valid TRUs available for transaction

   • trackingPointIds must represent logical supply chain progression

   • Species composition must align with TRU species data

   • Geographic locations must be consistent with operational areas

28.1.9. Relationships

• Transaction between one Organization (seller) and one Customer (buyer)

• Transaction may involve one Broker Organization for intermediary services

• Transaction documented by one SalesDeliveryDocument

• Transaction conducted at one primary GeographicData location

• Transaction includes multiple TraceableUnits for material transfer

• Transaction tracked through multiple TrackingPoints for chain of custody

• Transaction may reference one LCFSPathway for regulatory compliance

• Transaction enables reconciliation through DataReconciliation processes

28.1.10. TransactionBatch

29. TransactionBatch

29.1. TransactionBatch

29.1.1. Overview

29.1.2. Fields

29.1.3. Batch Status Workflow

1. prepared

   • Batch assembled and ready for shipment

   • Quality assessment completed and documented

   • All TRUs allocated and consolidated

   • Transportation arrangements finalized

2. in_transit

   • Batch loaded and en route to destination

   • Transportation tracking active

   • Chain of custody maintained during transport

   • Estimated arrival time being monitored

3. delivered

   • Physical arrival at destination location

   • Delivery documentation completed

   • Initial receipt confirmation obtained

   • Awaiting quality inspection and acceptance

4. accepted

   • Quality inspection completed successfully

   • Batch accepted by receiving party

   • Final documentation and certificates validated

   • Batch integration into recipient’s inventory

5. rejected

   • Quality inspection failed or non-conforming

   • Batch refused by receiving party

   • Return logistics or rework arrangements required

   • Documentation updated with rejection reasons

6. partially_delivered

   • Partial delivery due to transportation constraints

   • Remaining materials scheduled for follow-up delivery

   • Partial acceptance and payment processing

   • Split batch tracking and reconciliation

29.1.4. Quality Metrics Components

1. Physical Properties

   • moistureContent: Moisture percentage (0-100%)

   • density: Material density in kg/m³

   • defectRate: Percentage of defective material (0-100%)

   • contaminationLevel: Contamination assessment (none, minimal, moderate, significant, unacceptable)

2. Assessment Methods

   • gradingMethod: Grading technique (visual, mechanical, optical, combination)

   • qualityAssessmentDate: When assessment was performed

   • assessorId: Qualified assessor identification

   • gradingStandards: Applicable quality standards and specifications

3. Performance Indicators

   • Conformance to customer specifications

   • Market grade equivalency and value

   • Processing suitability and efficiency

   • End-use application compatibility

29.1.5. Plant Part Composition Structure

1. Wood Components

   • trunk: Main stem portion with volume and percentage

   • branches: Branch material inclusion

   • bark: Bark content and separation

   • heartwood/sapwood: Wood type differentiation

2. Biomass Components

   • leaves/needles: Foliage content for energy applications

   • twigs: Small branch and twig material

   • seeds/nuts/cones: Reproductive material content

   • stalks/straw: Agricultural residue components

3. Processing Residues

   • husks/hulls: Processing by-product inclusion

   • chaff: Fine material and particle content

   • stubble: Field residue components

   • sawdust: Mill residue integration

29.1.6. Transportation Data Management

1. Carrier Information

   • carrierOrganizationId: Transportation company identification

   • vehicleId: Specific vehicle or container identification

   • driverOperatorId: Personnel responsible for transport

   • transportMethod: Mode of transportation (truck, rail, ship, barge)

2. Logistics Coordination

   • pickupDate: Scheduled and actual pickup times

   • estimatedArrival: Projected delivery schedule

   • routeOptimization: Route selection criteria and efficiency

   • transitTime: Duration and schedule performance

3. Transportation Compliance

   • Weight and dimension regulations

   • Hazardous materials handling requirements

   • International shipping documentation

   • Insurance and liability coverage

29.1.7. Certification Validation Process

1. Certificate Verification

   • certificateIds: Applicable certification references

   • validationRequired: Compliance verification necessity

   • validationCompleted: Verification completion status

   • validationDate: When verification was performed

2. Compliance Assessment

   • validatorId: Qualified validator identification

   • validationNotes: Detailed verification findings

   • Chain of custody validation

   • Sustainability claim verification

3. Documentation Management

   • Certificate authenticity verification

   • Expiration date and renewal tracking

   • Audit trail maintenance

   • Third-party verification coordination